Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is a prevalent vaginal infection. It occurs when the natural bacteria in the vagina begin to overgrow, leading to an imbalance.
Those affected typically observe a grey or off-white discharge from the vagina, often accompanied by a fishy odour. In many cases, bacterial vaginosis resolves independently. But antibiotics can effectively clear it up if it persists.
This infection primarily affects younger women who have not yet entered menopause.
While usually not severe, BV can pose risks. It can affect pregnant women, increasing the likelihood of premature birth or post-hysterectomy infections. Additionally, it may heighten susceptibility to sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV.
Even though approximately 85% of BV cases are asymptomatic, some symptoms may include:
- Grey or greenish-tinged vaginal discharge
- The fishy odour from the discharge, which may intensify during menstruation or after sexual intercourse
- Occasionally, women may experience soreness or itching in the vaginal area.
Which organisms cause Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)?
BV involves several types of bacteria rather than being caused by a single type. Instead, symptoms arise due to a reduction in lactobacilli and an increase in other bacteria. The bacteria responsible include:
- Gardnerella vaginalis: Once believed to be the primary culprit, it is now understood to be one of many bacteria involved.
- Anaerobic bacteria: Can flourish in oxygen-deprived environments and encompass species such as Prevotella, Mycoplasma and Mobiluncus.
- Atopobium vaginae: Recently recognised as a significant bacterium in BV.
- Mycoplasma hominis: Although often present in the vagina without issue, it can contribute to the bacterial imbalance characteristic of BV.
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) arises when certain bacteria in the vagina multiply excessively, disrupting the delicate balance. Typically, good bacteria maintain stability. But BV occurs when harmful bacteria overtake in numbers. While the exact scientific cause remains uncertain, it is more prevalent in sexually active women and rarely affects those who are not.
How do you diagnose BV?
If you suspect you might have BV, the key is to get an accurate diagnosis immediately. When you visit a private Gynaecologist in London, they typically initiate the process with a thorough physical examination. Additionally, they may collect a swab from your vagina to identify the specific types of bacteria present. This step is crucial to rule out other conditions like a yeast infection, which can exhibit similar symptoms. It is important to note that since bacterial levels fluctuate constantly, a negative test result may not conclusively rule out BV.
When Should You See a Doctor?
Take charge of your health by seeking medical advice from a gynaecologist in London when needed. This proactive approach guarantees effective treatment and management of any concerns that may arise.
- Vaginal Odour and Fever: If you notice a vaginal odour along with discharge, especially if accompanied by a fever, it is essential to see your doctor.
- Changes in Symptoms: If you had BV or other infections, but now the symptoms or discharge seem markedly different, seek medical attention.
- Recent Sexual Activity: If you have engaged in sexual activity with a new partner or multiple partners, it is crucial to remember that STIs often manifest similar symptoms to BV.
- Failed Over-the-Counter Treatment: If you have attempted over-the-counter treatments for a yeast infection but are still experiencing symptoms, it is time to consult your doctor for further evaluation and guidance.
Are you still uncertain when you should visit your doctor? BV usually does not require medical attention, but specific situations necessitate immediate appointments.
Bacterial Vaginosis Treatment in London
When looking for effective bacterial vaginosis treatment in London, several options are available to restore the natural balance of vaginal bacteria. Typically, gynaecologists use antibiotics such as metronidazole. In cases of recurrent BV, a prolonged treatment regimen may be necessary. Further, incorporating home remedies and lifestyle adjustments can complement medical interventions.
Treatment options for bacterial vaginosis include:
- Metronidazole: This antibiotic serves as a primary treatment for BV. It can be administered orally or applied as a vaginal gel. Oral metronidazole usually involves a 400 mg tablet taken two or three times daily for a week. The gel is applied once nightly for five days.
- Clindamycin: Another option is clindamycin, available as a vaginal cream applied before bedtime for seven days.
- Tinidazole: While less commonly used, tinidazole can be an alternative treatment. It is taken orally in a 2g dose once daily for two or three days, as prescribed by a healthcare professional.
Guidelines for Using BV Treatments
By following these treatment guidelines and seeking guidance from healthcare professionals, women in London can manage bacterial vaginosis and promote vaginal health.
- Complete the entire course of treatment as instructed by your healthcare provider. Continue the course even if symptoms improve before completing the medication.
- If prescribed metronidazole or tinidazole, abstain from alcohol consumption during the treatment period. Also, for at least one day after finishing the medication to prevent adverse reactions.
- When using topical treatments such as gels or creams, carefully adhere to the application instructions for optimal effectiveness.
Additional Tips and Recommendations
When dealing with BV, book an appointment with a healthcare provider. But you can also take steps at home to alleviate this condition.
- Choose a diet rich in probiotic foods like yoghurt with active cultures. You can consume a probiotic supplement, too.
- Ensure your underwear is made of breathable cotton and fits loosely.
- Pay close attention to vaginal hygiene, using unscented soaps and tampons.
- Choose to shower over bathing.
- Avoid using vaginal deodorants, douches or washes.
- Use mild detergents and skip fabric softeners when washing your underwear.
- Refrain from adding antiseptic liquids to your bath.
- Quit smoking.
These measures can contribute to managing BV effectively from the comfort of your home.
My Final Verdict
Bacterial Vaginosis is a common condition. When harmful and beneficial bacteria in the vagina become imbalanced, it causes this condition to arise. The scientific evidence pinpointing its exact cause remains elusive. Certain factors heighten the risk, including multiple sexual partners and overuse of scented hygiene products. The infection typically is not severe on its own. However, untreated BV can pose serious risks for pregnant women and those aiming to conceive.
Bacterial Vaginosis: FAQs
Q1) How do I avoid the development of Bacterial Vaginosis?
There is no foolproof method to evade it entirely. Here is what you can do:
- Use barriers during sex: Choose condoms during sexual activity. When semen mixes with vaginal discharge, it heightens the chances of BV. So, using barriers like condoms can significantly reduce this risk.
- Avoid scented products: Do not use perfumed products, as they can disrupt the pH balance in your vagina, making you more vulnerable to BV. Stick to gentle, unscented cleansers for intimate hygiene.
- Be aware of recurrence: BV can be persistent. If you have had it before, there is a higher likelihood of experiencing it again.
Studies show that around half of the women treated for BV face a recurrence within a year. If you are grappling with recurrent BV, it is advisable to consult your private gynaecologist. Extended antibiotic treatment might be necessary to manage the condition effectively.
Q2) Can I Have Sex If I Have BV?
Having BV doesn’t transfer to a male partner. But the symptoms you’re feeling might still make sex uncomfortable for you. Remember that female partners can transmit BV to each other. If you have a female partner and you’ve been diagnosed with BV, they need to get checked for the infection as well.
Q3) Is BV treatment possible during pregnancy?
Yes, you can receive treatment for BV if you’re expecting. Once your doctor is aware of your pregnancy, they can prescribe safe medication suitable for use during this time. It’s crucial to undergo treatment even if you don’t exhibit symptoms. This approach helps prevent complications linked to untreated BV during pregnancy, such as low birth weight and premature delivery.
Q4) What are the consequences of not treating BV?
If you haven’t cleared up your BV with over-the-counter remedies, you put yourself at risk of acquiring STI infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea or HIV. Untreated BV in pregnant women could lead to premature birth.
Untreated BV may also increase your susceptibility to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). It is an adverse condition that can lead to premature delivery in pregnant women. PID can also impact fertility.
